Sikorsky hopes the X2 will fly nearly twice as fast as today's helicopters. Sikorsky planned to offer it for the United States Army 's Armed Aerial Scout program, along with other possible uses. Both helicopters, Raider and Defiant, have similar design elements: two counter-rotating top rotors, and a propeller in back. The hubs spin in opposite directions, whicheliminates the torque effect. The same section of the helicopter could also hold six people on troop seats, an auxiliary fuel tank, or other gear. And while the two companies are going head-to-head in the FARA program, with the Raider X pitted against the 360 Invictus, they are also competing in the aforementioned FLRAA program, with the Defiant X up against the V-280 Valor. The counter-rotating blade is basedupon innovative engineering methods that combines airplane-like speeds with the hovering and maneuvering capabilities unique to helicopters. SikorskyAircraft, has been consulting with helicopter operators to determine how X2Technology aircraft would benefit their business at a price they can afford. The answers lie in the speed limits built into the physics of how a helicopter flies. Media Contact Sikorsky hopes that the sleek, speedy design of the S-97, unveiled Thursday, will win the favor of the US Army as a potential replacement for OH-58D Kiowa Warrior helicopter, an airframe whose. Sikorsky is pitching the funky, fast S-97 Raider as a replacement for today's light attack and scout helicopters, via the Army's Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft program. Why not a similar size quadcopter design (similar to drones)? Its just $1 per month . Sikorsky has recently registered a new helicopter model named the S-100 with the FAA. Whichever helicopter becomes the Armys choice for the FARA role will be powered by a single engine, which is General Electrics T901. Two P&WA PT-6 engines were used to power the rotors. Military Potential of the ABC, George Price, American Helicopter Society Vertiflight magazine, November/December, 1982. Update: In an email, an Army spokesperson says the service plans to make a decision for one FARA aircraft in fiscal year 2025, which for the US government begins Oct. 1, 2024. On a tour of the Stratford plant on Wednesday, a Sikorsky executive called the HH-60W Jolly Green II the most advanced combat helicopter ever produced by Sikorsky, with a range of defensive. The Army set up the Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System (UTTAS) program to develop this new transport helicopter. 1.1. One of the concerns with the coaxial rotor arrangement was how to provide aircraft yaw control. Despite talk of far-ranging maneuvers and Multi-Domain Battles, he doubts the Army will be willing to pay a high premium for speed and range, which the Marines have already proven willing to do on the V-22. Thursday, December 29, 2022, The Front Page Podcast: Pumping the Brakes, NEW: Its not polite to pretend boys can be girls, SCOTUS takes on Bidens student debt agenda, Click Timeline of the Sikorsky Aircraft Company. Missions Armed reconnaissance Length 37ft Width 16ft Rotor Diameter 34ft Speed 220k Expand One of them is Bell, which is working on a candidate called the 360 Invictus. The main fuselage of the AARV was to be constructed from half-inch thick dual hardness armor. (With a tiltrotor,) while it is efficient in its cruising mission, it struggles when it gets to the objective.. (Bells partner on the V-22, Boeing, switched sides on FVL). The transmission used a simple compound planetary gearing arrangement to provide two counter-rotation output shafts and a high reduction ratio. Kamov has been making dual contrarotating rotor helicopters since the 1940-s. At higher speeds, however, the advancing blades start going supersonic producing dangerous vibrations while the retreating blades stall out for lack of lift. High-power engines are necessary to drive rotating blades, which . Some obvious design differences present themselves between the two aircraft prototypes: Bells aircraft employs a single main rotor up top, and a tandem cockpit, meaning the two pilots sit with one person in front of the other, as opposed to side-by-side. Rob Verger is the Technology Editor at Popular Science, where he leads a team of journalists who cover everything from transportation and the military to artificial intelligence and cybersecurity. Groundtesting of the X2 Technology Demonstrator is still underway and Sikorsky hasn'tyet scheduled a date for the aircraft's first flight, said company spokesmanPaul Jackson. The Sikorsky-Boeing tech demonstrator SB-1 Defiant first took flight in March 2019 and leverages Sikorskys X2 technology with a rigid compound rotor and pusher prop. In general, tiltrotors dont offer the kind of agility and maneuverability that a compound design does, said Richard Aboulafia, aviation analyst at the Teal Group. When the job is hot, high, dirty or dangerous, the K-MAX is ready performing multiple missions. Counter rotating props certainly aren't new. We remain confident Defiant X is the transformational aircraft the Army requires to accomplish its complex missions today and well into the future, Sikorsky said in its protest. TheCH-53K King Stallionadvances Sikorskys 50 years of manufacturing and operational success with its CH-53A, CH-53D/G, and CH-53E predecessors. Both Sikorsky and the Army had higher priorities at the time. advance ratios, the potential for greater tion for applications of HHC to a counter-interharmonic coupling exists, rotating aircraft at very high speed in the 12000 ib range of gross weight. S.Harding "U.S.Army Aircraft since 1947", 1990. Raider X is one of two candidates in the Army's Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft competition. Some balance is needed in order to keep the machine stable usually either another, counter-rotating rotor or a small vertically-mounted tail rotor. Controls: Synchropters During this period the Navy, Air Force, and NASA joined the Army in providing funding support. AARV display model k k k First Flights 35. positions. His prediction: The Marines double down on tiltrotors, the Army willkeep upgrading conventional helicopters for the bulk of its fleet, and a smaller number of compound helicopters will be built as gunships and scouts. A 40 ft. diameter test rotor was fabricated in 1970 and tested in the NASA Ames 40 x 80 ft. wind tunnel. This is not correct. Sikorsky's candidate features coaxial top rotors: The two large rotors on top of the helicopter, which give it lift, spin in opposite directions, negating the need for a traditional tail rotor.. It was proposed by the Serbian man Dragoljub . "Sikorsky will begin ground testing shortly and is on track for first flight this year," Steve Engebretson, Sikorsky's director of advanced military programs, said in an emailed statement. Source: Sikorsky Boeing-Sikorsky RAH-66 Comanche. However, its quite possible that they go with the Boeing-Sikorsky Raider design (the SB>1s smaller brother) for scout and attack missions, where survivability and lethality are worth paying for.. Sikorsky Aircraft created the Advancing Blade Concept during the 1970s with the goal of significantly increasing helicopter flight speed. But all of these were two conventional rotors mounted in a coaxial counter-rotational configuration. By the 1960s Sikorsky believed that technology had progressed to the point that a practical application of the concept was possible. The airframe was circular in cross section, sized for a crew of two in a side-by-side configuration, and with a small cabin for experimental test equipment. As a practicing engineer in the rotorcraft industry since 1997, I have had increasing responsibilities during the development of the AW609, Deepwater tiltrotor UAV, Bell Model 429, Sikorsky CH-53K . From July 1975 to March 1977 the helicopter configuration was tested. Also, some of the symmetry of the counter rotating blades, closelymirroring each otherin shape and size, will decrease turbulence and therefore improve the airflow and stability of flight. Lockheed Martin delivered the first CH-53K training device to the U.S. Navy on April 14, 2020. The V22 tilt-rotor uses counter-rotating proprotors in order to cancel out torque. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service. propellers,a significant difference in design from helicopters of the past six decades. But in this configuration and design - they are. My team strives to advance aircraft engine capability through prioritization, definition, and execution of technology maturation programs. As wecontinue to work to prove and mature the technologies that will allow the X2Technology Demonstrator to become a viable product, we are focused on testingits limits and finding out where this technology will take us," JeffreyPino, Sikorsky?s president, said recently. At any given time, half a helicopters rotors the advancing blades are moving forward, from the tail towards the nose, but the other half the retreating blades are moving backward, from the nose to the tail. At higher speeds, the rear prop provides extra drive and the rudders and elevators help with high speed maneuvering. Despite all the differences, the fundamental selling points for both designs are speed and range. Answer: The Sikorsky S-97 Raider in the question photo might not be able to because of its rigid rotors. On top of the helicopter is another component thats 3D-printed, as a stand-in for what will be the hubs for the top rotors and the gearbox. Eric Adams Eric. We are testing the limitsand pioneering this exciting innovation.". His last day in his office at the Stratford plant of Sikorsky Aircraft was the day before Jul 29, 1973 : S-69 ABC (XH-59) The ABC (Advancing Blade Concept) was designed to prove the viability of two counter rotating main rotors on a common axis as a means of achieving higher speeds and better agility The data and discussions lead us to believe the proposals were not consistently evaluated to deliver the best value in the interest of the Army, our soldiers and American taxpayers, Sikorsky said in a statement. I am not sure that we are cheaper than [General Atomics] but we are more flexible in the different payloads we can operate, Ron Tryfus, IAI senior vice-president for future growth, said. Learn how we are strengthening the economies, industries and communities of our global partner nations. We have invested in developing and demonstrating hypersonic technology for over 30 years. The mainadvantage of helicopters? (Each propeller may have an electric motor & electricity could be provided by a central gas turbine engine (that also provides extra forward thrust)!). This had the integrated propulsion system with twin General Electric T700-GE-700 engines driving both the rotor system and a ducted pusher propeller. The. Sikorsky's SB Defiant, which recently took a demo flight at a Sikorsky range in West Palm Beach Florida before the Army's Chief of Staff, has reportedly hit speeds of 250 knots, more than twice. Sikorskys production rotor blades at that time had spars made from constant-section extruded aluminum. The two main rotors of the S-97 are coaxial, and they rotate in opposite directions, driving both lift and forward flight. The pilot inputted more and more forward cyclic to counter this, until the stick was on the forward stop and the aircraft was still nosing up. | Sikorsky?sX2 Technology Demonstrator incorporates leading-edge aerospace technologies,including digital fly-by-wire flight controls, counter-rotating rigid rotorblades that spin more slowly as the helicopter reaches higher cruising speeds,active vibration control, an integrated auxiliary propulsion system, and more. Part 1 of a narrative series illustrating how Americas armed forces might use technology to accomplish their most demanding missions. The critical importance of the FLRAA mission to the Army and our nation requires the most capable, affordable and lowest-risk solution.. Heres how it works. Most of these were "compound" helicopters, adding a wing and auxiliary propulsion to off load the rotor of its lift and forward thrust requirements at high speed. We develop laser weapon systems, radio frequency and other directed energy technologies for air, ground and sea platforms to provide an affordable countermeasure alternative. "Weare diligently pursuing this as a research project. At high speeds, Gehler claimed, tiltrotors are far and away more maneuverable than compound helicopters: Right now, compound coax is having challenges turning at high speed., Thats true of less sophisticated compound helicopter designs, said Van Buiten, but not of theirs, in large part because of the two counter-rotating rotors. Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin company, today delivered its 5,000th "Hawk" variant helicopter, a U.S. Army UH-60M Black Hawk. The advancing blade concept had been shown in a textbook in the 1930s, but the structural requirements for the blades were well beyond the technology of the day. Sikorsky first flew its contra-rotating main rotor and tail-mounted pusher prop-equipped X2 technology demonstrator in 2008, eventually achieving a speed of 253kt (468km/h) in 2011. At this point, the pilot has two choices: slow down or crash. He writes occasionally, on topics from GPS to James Bond. The turret thats installed on the aircraft is the real deal flight-worthy turret, Germanowski says, with the actuation motors, and the motor controller unit, and all of the electronics that allow us to swivel the gun in azimuth, and pitch the gun in elevation., [Related: Sikorskys fancy new helicopter completed its longest flight yet]. At the aircrafts nose is a simulated weapona 3D-printed substitute for the actual 20mm cannon that would someday hang from under the aircraft in the same spot. What's even more unusual element is the pusher rotor at the rear. The XH-59A was a unique design built strictly as a test vehicle for the advancing blade concept rotor system. American helicopters manufactured by companies like Sikorsky, Boeing Vertol, Bell, and MD Helicopters all appear to rotate counter-clockwise [when viewed from above] Contact the author here. The six-passenger bird will be developed for the military and will. . The Marine Corps is more than receptive to radically new rotorcraft. Photo: Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. To paraphrase helicopter pioneer Igor Sikorsky: If you're in trouble . Army funding came from the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center in Watertown, Mass, which was responsible for much of the development of the dual-hardness armor. While the Armys currently leading the most near-term parts of Future Vertical Lift, the overwhelming bulk of Army rotorcraft requirements involve transport, where FVLs virtues dont matter much. In a more developed design, a single propulsion system would power both the rotor and an auxiliary propulsion propeller or ducted fan. Its significantly smaller than Defiant.. How many satellites can we safely fit in Earth orbit? Rediscovering the wheel, here? This became the XH-59A, the subject of another chapter in this Sikorsky Product History section. This seemed to work out fine in the initial hover tests. ?The X2Technology Demonstrator is an integrated suite of technologies intended toadvance the state-of-the-art, counter-rotating coaxial rotor helicopter. Main Rotor Characteristics; Diameter: RPM: Direction of Rotation: Counter-rotating: Hub Type: Main . CSSCustPortalSuppt@sikorsky.com. equipped with means for aerodynamic control of attitude and flight path The Kiowa, which has been the Army's primary scout helicopter since the mid-1990s, by contrast has a cruising speed in the area of 120 mph. Join PopSci+ to read sciences greatest stories. The X2 Technology Demonstrator has a coaxial rotor system comprised oftwo hubs with blades attached. The initial version of this helicopter, called the SB>1 Defiant, flew for the first time in March of 2019, and Popular Science has also recognized it in its Best of What's New awards.. The speed, which was achieved in level flight during a 1.1-hour flight on Wednesday, September 15, is an unofficial speed record for a helicopter, easily beating the current . The test envelope was expanded to level flight at 156 knots, dive speeds to 186 knots, and altitudes to 14,000 feet. While its unclear when the Army will make a decision as to which aircraft it wants to go with for the FARA program, the FLRAA competition is further along. On June 6,2005, Sikorsky announced that it would build and test a technology demonstratorthat would maneuver like a conventional helicopter and cruise at 250 knots (288mph), which is at least 60 percent faster than conventional helicopters. In an unconventional approach, a concept was proposed to build a helicopter fuselage with this armor, rather that simply adding the armor parasitically around sensitive areas of the vehicle. Built to thrive on the modern battlefield, including shipboard operations, the CH-53K aircraft is designed to be intelligent, reliable, low maintenance and survivable in the most austere and remote forward operating bases. This was phased out at speeds from 40 to 80 knots and yaw control was provided by rudders. Both companies agree that the Bell V-280 Valor, which has wings, is more fuel-efficient in long-range flight than the Sikorsky-Boeing SB>1 Defiant, which just has rotors. Just innovation. This design delivers that, plus incredible speed. AMARILLO, TEX. This set the program back for over a year while the cause of the accident was determined. There were no hinges in the design. in large part because of the two counter-rotating rotors. The S-68 was a conceptual design for a small commercial aircraft using S-58T components. +1 (800) WINGED-S (946-4337) If FARA is about finding a next-gen armed scout helicopter, then FLRAA is all about choosing a larger, Black-Hawk-type helicopter. At takeoff, this means the aircraft can lift off and move away quickly without needing to tilt forward. The SB>1 Defiant uses a pusher prop at the rear, along with active rudders and elevators. Here's What You Need To Remember:The new aircraft will employ several measures designed to make it quieter, including, most notably, a counter-rotating rotor that muffles the sound of the first. While it did not crash, it did tip over as it sat idling on the heliport atop the Pan Am Building (now the MetLife . The Advancing Blade Concept exhibited excellent potential for application to tactical Army aircraft. The US Army has not yet made any formal announcement about a long-term replacement for the Kiowa. Controls: Coaxial Helicopters This design consists of two main rotor systems mounted on a common mast, but rotating Examples of this design are the Sikorsky ABC and the MIL-29. You dont want to wait for your rotors to tilt from vertical to horizontal flight mode like a V-22 or V-280, Van Buiten argued. An H tail, with rudders, was used to get the vertical tails outboard in clean air for better effectively. A helicopter can be designed to have blades that rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. In this video interview with Mike Coulter, Leonardo DRS, we discuss the defense needs of Middle East countries, particularly the UAE, as well as interoperability with the US and other countries. SpaceX Crew-6 astronaut launch: Live updates, Heli-Skiing: Winter Thrills in Remote Areas, Marvel's 'Star Wars' comics celebrate Women's History Month with Peach Momoko covers. here for reprint permission. American Helicopter Society paper Fifty Years of Sikorsky High Speed Concepts, Arthur W. Linden. At the helicopters tail will also someday be a propeller that can help the aircraft accelerate or decelerate. Contra-rotating coaxial rotors cancels out the retreating blade stall limit of helicopters by providing a balancing lift with the opposite direction. For fb36 wondering why not a quad? Sikorsky was experimenting with a compound helicopter, the S-61F/NH-3, using an S-61/H-3 airframe. However, they each claim their aircraft is more agile a crucial consideration when landing troops in tight spaces or ducking behind hills and trees to hide from radar. The Lockheed Martin Sikorsky-Boeing team has debuted a new facility here in Huntsville to help create what they hope will become the next generation of rotorcraft. Bring back the COMANCHE ! The body shape of the aircraft does appear to blend somewhat gradually up to the rotor blades, as if to decrease sharp angles and engineer a gradual incline or slope from the front end of the aircraft up through the body to the rotor blades. In 1967 Sikorsky investigated new light-weight dual-hardness aircraft armor. That might require different designs for different missions and different services, Aboulafia told me, with the military ending up with a mix of tiltrotors, compound helicopters, and traditional helicopters. Being a concept demonstrator, the XH-59A had a number of compromises in its design to hold program cost down. Igor Sikorsky's helicopter patent sketch, 1930. All Rights Reserved. We have flown more than 1,200 test flight hours and the CH-53K has achieved key milestones in 2018 such as high altitude, hot temperature,and degraded visual environment flights and we will continue to accomplish test points demonstrating this aircrafts unmatched capabilities. Five years in the US Army as a translator (German and Polish). It also negates the need for a regular tail rotor, as yaw can be managed using just the top rotors. X2Technology aircraft will take-off and land vertically, hover, maneuver at lowspeeds, and transition from hover to forward flight like regular helicopters. Four-blade bearingless FVW main rotor adopted from MBB Bo108 Sikorsky Aircraft (now owned by Lockheed Martin) was founded in 1923 and has created helicopters for civilian and military use since 1939. The 6.5 ft. ducted propeller would be mounted under the rotor system to minimize aircraft size. Their groundbreaking innovations in helicopter avionics gained the company international notoriety. This proved the basic advancing blade concept and led to a contract in 1972 with the U.S. Army for the design, fabrication, and flight testing of the XH-59A advancing blade concept demonstrator aircraft. Sikorsky's engineering studies showed that, to get a single-main-rotor helicopter to reach the speeds the Army wants, you need to squeeze every drop of power from the engine and streamline the. The downside of a tilt-rotor is the mechanical complexity and weight of the mechanisms needed to do the tilting as well as the need to switch modes in flight. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Copyright 2023 The Washington Times, LLC. There are several vendors now competing as part of an intense Army competition to ultimately choose and deploy a new fleet of aircraft with a much greater combat radius, fuel efficiency, speed, weapons, sensors and computer systems. It's also a more complex beast than a traditional single-rotor configuration. The SB Defiant uses an interesting, counter-rotating dual blade technology known as a compoundconfiguration. "Experimentalaircraft have minds of their own ? Sikorsky and Boeing hope that the Army chooses this flying machine to be its next Black-Hawk-type aircraft, as it's a candidate in a program called FLRAA, which stands for Future Long-Range Assault Aircraft.Defiant's competition comes from Bell, whose entry into the showdown is called the V-280 Valor.Unlike the Defiant, the V-280 is a tiltrotor aircraft, meaning that large rotors on the . Sikorsky's technology puts two main rotors on top of each other, rotating in opposite directions, which balances out the lift profile on either side and allows the craft to fly much faster up to twice the airspeed of a regular helicopter while maintaining excellent handling and agility. It had the disadvantage of a tall rotor system which was incompatible with the Armys requirement that the UTTAS be air transportable in the C-130/141. Helicopter with counter-rotating coaxial rotors without cyclic variation of pitch. 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